Stress fractures are small cracks or severe bruising within a bone, often caused by repetitive force or overuse. Diagnosing stress fractures typically involves a combination of patient history, physical examination, and imaging tests. During the examination, a doctor will look for tenderness, swelling, and specific points of pain on the affected area. Imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or bone scans are often necessary to confirm the diagnosis, as stress fractures may not be visible on standard X-rays until healing begins.

Treatment for stress fractures primarily focuses on rest and allowing the bone to heal naturally. Patients are advised to avoid activities that put stress on the affected bone and may need to use crutches or wear a protective boot to reduce weight-bearing. Pain management can include over-the-counter pain relievers and ice application. In some cases, physical therapy may be recommended to strengthen the surrounding muscles and improve flexibility, which can help prevent future injuries. Full recovery from a stress fracture typically takes six to eight weeks, but it can vary depending on the location and severity of the fracture.