Foot and Ankle Surgery may be necessary for various conditions that do not respond to conservative treatments and significantly impact a patient's mobility and quality of life. One common condition requiring surgery is severe bunions, where the bony bump and misalignment of the big toe joint cause persistent pain and difficulty walking. Hammertoes, a deformity causing toes to bend abnormally, may also require surgical correction if conservative treatments fail. Chronic tendon issues, such as Achilles tendonitis or posterior tibial tendon dysfunction, often necessitate surgical intervention to repair or reconstruct the damaged tendons.

Other conditions that might require foot and ankle surgery include severe arthritis, particularly when it leads to joint degeneration and debilitating pain. Fractures that do not heal properly with immobilization or are too complex may also need surgical fixation with pins, screws, or plates. Morton's neuroma, a painful nerve condition between the toes, may require surgery to remove the affected nerve if other treatments are ineffective.

Additionally, recurrent or severe plantar fasciitis, which causes chronic heel pain, may necessitate surgical procedures to release the tight fascia or remove bone spurs. Surgery is considered when these conditions significantly impair function and all other treatment options have been exhausted.