In some cases, an ankle sprain can lead to chronic pain, particularly if the injury is not properly treated or if the individual resumes physical activity too soon. When a sprain is severe, or if the ligaments are not given enough time to heal, the ankle may become unstable, leading to repeated sprains and long-term discomfort. This condition, known as chronic ankle instability, can cause persistent pain, swelling, and a feeling of the ankle "giving way" during normal activities. Individuals with chronic ankle instability may find it difficult to participate in sports or high-impact activities without experiencing discomfort.

In addition to instability, chronic pain can develop if the sprain causes damage to other structures in the ankle, such as tendons, cartilage, or nerves. Post-traumatic arthritis, a condition that results from the breakdown of cartilage following an injury, can also lead to long-term pain and stiffness in the ankle joint. Seeking early and appropriate treatment for an ankle sprain, including physical therapy and rehabilitation, can help prevent the development of chronic pain and ensure a full recovery. It's essential to follow the recommended treatment plan and avoid returning to physical activity before the ankle has fully healed.