High Cholesterol (hyperlipidemia) directly affects heart health by increasing the risk of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries, narrowing and hardening them. This plaque is made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, and other cellular debris. When the arteries become narrow, blood flow is restricted, making it more difficult for the heart to pump blood efficiently. This can increase the risk of heart attacks, stroke, and peripheral artery disease, as the blocked arteries can no longer supply adequate blood to vital organs.

The accumulation of plaque in the coronary Arteries, which supply blood to the heart, can lead to coronary artery disease. If a plaque ruptures, a blood clot may form, further blocking blood flow and potentially causing a heart attack. Over time, untreated high cholesterol can lead to heart failure, as the heart has to work harder to pump blood through narrowed arteries. By managing cholesterol levels through diet, exercise, and, when necessary, medication, individuals can significantly reduce the risk of these heart-related complications and maintain long-term cardiovascular health.