How Is Pediatric Asthma Diagnosed?
Diagnosing pediatric asthma involves a combination of medical history review, physical examination, and specific tests to evaluate lung function. A healthcare provider will first assess the child's symptoms, including the frequency, duration, and severity of coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. The provider will also inquire about potential asthma triggers and family history, as asthma tends to run in families. A physical examination is conducted to check for signs of asthma, such as wheezing or difficulty breathing during a respiratory exam.
Spirometry is the most common lung function test used to diagnose asthma in children over the age of five. This test measures how much air the child can inhale and exhale, as well as how quickly they can expel air from their lungs. In younger children, who may not be able to perform spirometry, healthcare providers may use other tests, such as measuring peak flow (how fast the child can exhale) or conducting a trial with asthma medications to see if symptoms improve. In some cases, allergy testing may also be performed to identify allergens that may be contributing to the child's asthma. If the diagnosis remains unclear, additional tests or a referral to a specialist may be needed for further evaluation.
