Endodontic treatment, commonly known as root canal therapy, is needed when the soft tissue inside the tooth, called the dental pulp, becomes inflamed or infected. This can occur due to deep decay, repeated dental procedures on the same tooth, cracks, or trauma that exposes the pulp to bacteria. If left untreated, an infection can spread, causing severe pain, abscess formation, and even bone loss around the tooth root. Endodontic treatment aims to preserve the natural tooth by removing the infected tissue and preventing the need for tooth extraction.

The procedure is necessary not just for pain relief but also to restore the tooth’s function and integrity. Once the infected pulp is removed, the tooth can remain functional with proper restoration, often involving a dental crown for added protection. By saving the natural tooth, endodontic treatment helps maintain the alignment of surrounding teeth and prevents complications like shifting, bite issues, and bone resorption that can occur when a tooth is lost.