Testosterone disorders are diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. During the initial consultation, the healthcare provider will take a detailed medical history, asking about symptoms such as fatigue, reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, mood changes, and decreased muscle mass. The provider will also inquire about any underlying medical conditions, medications, and lifestyle factors that could affect testosterone levels.

The physical examination may involve assessing body composition, muscle strength, and secondary sexual characteristics, such as body hair and testicular size. Laboratory tests are crucial for diagnosing testosterone disorders. Blood tests are performed to measure total and free testosterone levels, typically in the morning when testosterone levels are at their highest. Additional tests may include measuring levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin to evaluate the function of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. In some cases, further tests like bone density scans, semen analysis, or imaging studies of the pituitary gland may be necessary to identify underlying causes. Based on the results, the healthcare provider will determine the appropriate treatment plan to manage the testosterone disorder.