How Are Thyroid Disorders Diagnosed?
Diagnosing Thyroid Disorders typically involves a combination of a physical exam, blood tests, and sometimes imaging tests. During the physical exam, a doctor may check for signs of an enlarged thyroid, which could indicate a condition like goiter or thyroid cancer. Blood tests are the most common and reliable way to diagnose thyroid dysfunction. These tests measure the levels of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which regulates thyroid hormone production. High levels of TSH usually suggest hypothyroidism, while low levels can indicate hyperthyroidism.
In some cases, additional tests, such as an ultrasound or a radioactive iodine scan, may be used to assess the structure of the thyroid gland or to evaluate potential growths like nodules or tumors. If there is a suspicion of thyroid cancer, a biopsy might also be recommended. Accurate diagnosis is crucial to determine whether a thyroid disorder is underactive, overactive, or caused by an autoimmune condition like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or Graves’ disease.
