Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is characterized by frequent and persistent acid reflux, where stomach acid or bile flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation. One of the most common symptoms is heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest that often occurs after eating and may be worse at night or when lying down. Another typical symptom is regurgitation, where a sour or bitter-tasting acid backs up into the throat or mouth, sometimes accompanied by a feeling of food coming back up.

Other symptoms of GERD include chest pain, difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), and the sensation of a lump in the throat. Chronic cough, laryngitis, and new or worsening asthma can also be related to GERD due to acid irritating the airways and throat. Less common symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and dental erosion due to the acid's impact on tooth enamel. Recognizing these symptoms and seeking appropriate treatment is crucial to managing GERD and preventing complications such as esophagitis or Barrett's esophagus.