What Are the Risks of Hormone Therapy?
While hormone therapy can offer significant benefits, it also carries certain risks that should be carefully considered before starting treatment. One of the most common risks associated with hormone therapy, particularly for women, is an increased risk of blood clots. Estrogen therapy, for example, may increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Additionally, prolonged use of hormone therapy has been linked to an increased risk of certain cancers, such as breast and endometrial cancer, especially when estrogen is used alone without progesterone. Women with a history of hormone-sensitive cancers should avoid hormone therapy.
For men, testosterone therapy may carry its own risks, such as an increased risk of developing sleep apnea, heart disease, or prostate problems. Monitoring of testosterone levels and prostate health is important to reduce the risk of complications. Other potential side effects for both men and women may include weight gain, mood swings, headaches, and breast tenderness. To ensure safety, hormone therapy should always be administered under the supervision of a healthcare provider, with regular check-ups to monitor for any adverse effects or complications. Discussing potential risks with your provider is crucial before beginning any form of hormone therapy.
