How Does Immunology Laboratory Testing Work?
Immunology laboratory testing involves analyzing blood, serum, or other bodily fluids to measure immune system components and detect abnormal immune responses. The testing process typically begins with the collection of a sample, which may include blood, saliva, or tissue, depending on the test being performed. Once the sample is collected, it is processed and analyzed using various laboratory techniques designed to detect specific markers or reactions. For example, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are commonly used to measure the concentration of antibodies or antigens present in the sample, helping to identify the presence of an infection or autoimmune disease.
Immunology laboratory testing can also involve more complex techniques, such as flow cytometry, which analyzes the characteristics of immune cells like T-cells and B-cells. This allows the lab to assess immune function and diagnose disorders related to the immune system, such as immunodeficiencies or lymphomas. Another key aspect of immunology testing is detecting the presence of allergens in patients with suspected allergies. By measuring immune responses, such as IgE antibodies, the laboratory can help identify specific triggers. Overall, immunology laboratory testing provides valuable insight into the immune system’s status and is essential for diagnosing and managing a variety of immune-related diseases.
