A Pediatric Urologist specializes in diagnosing and treating urinary and genital disorders in Children. These medical professionals have expertise in managing conditions that affect the kidneys, bladder, urethra, and genital organs of infants, children, and adolescents. Common conditions treated by Pediatric Urologists include congenital abnormalities like hypospadias, where the urethral opening is not located at the tip of the penis, and vesicoureteral reflux, where urine flows backward from the bladder into the kidneys, potentially leading to kidney infections and damage.

Bladder Cancer is a disease that originates in the bladder, a hollow organ responsible for storing urine. It occurs when cells within the bladder lining undergo abnormal growth, multiplying uncontrollably. This abnormal growth can lead to the formation of a tumor, which may spread to other parts of the body if left untreated.

There are several distinct types of Bladder Cancer, each with its own unique characteristics and potential outcomes. The most prevalent type is transitional cell carcinoma, accounting for approximately 90% of all bladder cancer cases. Other less common types include squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and small cell carcinoma.

While the precise causes of Bladder Cancer remain a subject of ongoing research, several risk factors have been identified. Smoking is widely recognized as a significant contributor, increasing the likelihood of developing bladder cancer. Age is another factor, with the risk generally increasing with advancing age. Exposure to certain chemicals, both in the workplace and through environmental sources, has also been linked to an elevated risk. Additionally, a family history of bladder cancer can predispose individuals to the disease.