Kidney surgery may be necessary for a variety of conditions that cannot be effectively managed with conservative treatments. One common reason for kidney surgery is the presence of kidney stones that are too large to pass naturally or cause severe pain, bleeding, or infection. Surgery may also be required to remove tumors or cysts, particularly if they are cancerous or causing significant symptoms. Other conditions such as severe hydronephrosis, where the kidney becomes swollen due to urine buildup, or chronic kidney infections that do not respond to antibiotics, may also necessitate surgical intervention.

Kidney surgery is also indicated for patients with congenital abnormalities of the kidney or urinary tract that impair function or lead to recurrent infections. In cases of severe kidney damage or failure, partial or total nephrectomy (removal of part or all of the kidney) may be performed. Kidney transplant surgery is another significant intervention for patients with end-stage renal disease. The type of surgery performed depends on the specific condition and the overall health of the patient, with the goal of preserving or restoring kidney function and preventing further complications.

Benign prostate enlargement, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), can cause a variety of urinary symptoms due to the increased size of the prostate gland pressing against the urethra. Common symptoms include frequent urination, especially at night (nocturia), difficulty starting urination, a weak or interrupted urine stream, and the feeling that the bladder is not completely empty after urination. Some men may also experience a need to strain or push to initiate urination and a dribbling of urine at the end of the stream.

Other symptoms of BPH can include urinary urgency, the sudden need to urinate, and urinary retention, where the bladder cannot empty completely. In severe cases, BPH can lead to complications such as urinary tract infections, bladder stones, and significant bladder or kidney damage. If you experience these symptoms, it is important to consult a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management to prevent complications and improve quality of life. Early intervention can help manage symptoms effectively and reduce the risk of long-term problems.