Endometriosis is a condition that affects an estimated 1 in 10 women of reproductive age worldwide. Despite its prevalence, endometriosis remains under-recognized and under-discussed. Endometriosis is a chronic condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside of the uterus, typically on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the tissue lining the pelvis. This tissue behaves like normal endometrial tissue, thickening, breaking down, and bleeding with each menstrual cycle. However, because it is located outside the uterus, the blood has nowhere to go, leading to inflammation, scar tissue, and pain.

- Common Symptoms of Endometriosis

While symptoms can vary, some of the most common signs of endometriosis include:

• Pelvic Pain: Often described as severe, cramping pain, especially around menstruation.
• Heavy Periods: Abnormally heavy bleeding during periods.
• Painful Intercourse: Deep pelvic pain during or after sex.
• Infertility: Difficulty getting pregnant is common in women with endometriosis.
• Pain with Bowel Movements or Urination: This can occur, especially during menstruation.
• Fatigue: Many people with endometriosis experience chronic fatigue.
• Bloating and Nausea: These symptoms can mimic digestive disorders.

Endometriosis is a chronic condition, but with the right treatment plan and support, many people with endometriosis can lead fulfilling lives. It's important for individuals to be open with their healthcare providers about their symptoms and concerns. Support from family, friends, and online communities can also be invaluable for managing the emotional and physical challenges of the condition.

Endometriosis occurs when the Tissue which is similar to the lining in the Uterus grows outside of the uterus. It’s not clear exactly what causes Endometriosis; however, researchers are looking up probable causes which include:

- Issues with menstrual period flow:

Research has shown that retrograde menstrual flow is one of the most likely causes of endometriosis. This is due to the tissue shedding during the period flow which moves through the fallopian tubes into the other areas of the body, including the pelvis.

- Genetic factors:

Endometriosis runs in the family, meaning it could be inherited throughout the generations.

- Immune system issues:

An immune system that does not work correctly can fail to find and destroy the endometrial tissue that grows outside of the uterus. Certain cancers and immune system disorders are more commonly found in women with endometriosis.

- Hormones:

Estrogen hormone is what appears to promote endometriosis. Researchers are reviewing whether endometriosis is an actual issue with the body’s hormone system.

- Surgery:

In surgeries to an abdominal area like a c-section, or a hysterectomy, the endometrial tissue could be accidentally picked up and moved.