Peripheral vascular interventions (PVI) offer a minimally invasive approach to address blockages and blood flow problems in peripheral arteries. Several PVI procedures exist, each suited to address specific arterial issues. Balloon angioplasty is a common technique where a tiny balloon catheter is inserted into the blocked artery. The balloon is then inflated, widening the narrowed passage and improving blood flow. In some cases, a stent, a small expandable mesh tube, is placed during angioplasty to keep the artery open long-term.

For more complex blockages or when plaque buildup is significant, atherectomy might be used. A specialized catheter with a tiny cutting device removes plaque deposits, restoring blood flow. Another procedure, thrombectomy, focuses on removing blood clots that can abruptly block arteries and cause severe symptoms. A catheter with a retrieval device is used to extract the clot and restore circulation. The choice of PVI procedure depends on the nature and severity of the blockage, allowing for a targeted approach to improve blood flow and alleviate peripheral vascular disease symptoms.

Permanent pacemaker implantation is a surgical procedure that places a small electronic device called a pacemaker under the skin of your chest. This pacemaker acts as a backup conductor for your heart, ensuring a regular and healthy rhythm. If your heart rate naturally beats too slow or experiences blockages that disrupt its rhythm, the pacemaker takes over. It sends electrical signals to your heart muscles, prompting them to contract and pump blood efficiently throughout your body.

Permanent pacemaker implantation is a minimally invasive procedure performed under local anesthesia. A small incision is made near your collarbone, and the pacemaker is inserted into a pocket created beneath the skin. Thin wires (leads) are then guided to specific positions within your heart. These leads connect to the pacemaker, allowing it to monitor your heart rhythm and deliver electrical impulses when needed.