Different types of Fracture include:

- Closed (simple) fracture the broken bone has not pierced the skin.

- Open (compound) fracture the broken bone juts out through the skin, or a wound leads to the fracture site. This fracture requires hospital assistance.

- Greenstick fracture a small, slender crack in the bone. This can occur in children, because their bones are more flexible than an adult's bones.

- Hairline fracture the most common form is a stress fracture, often occurring in the foot or lower leg as a result of repeated stress from activities such as jogging or running.

- Complicated fracture structures surrounding the fracture are injured. There may be damage to the veins, arteries or nerves, and there may also be injury to the lining of the bone (the periosteum).

- Comminuted fracture the bone is shattered into small pieces. This type of complicated fracture tends to heal more slowly.

- Avulsion fracture muscles are anchored to bone with tendons, a type of connective tissue. Powerful muscle contractions can wrench the tendon free and pull out pieces of bone. This type of fracture is more common in the knee and shoulder joints.

- Compression fracture occurs when 2 bones are forced against each other. The bones of the spine, called vertebrae, can have this type of fracture. Older people, particularly those with osteoporosis, are at higher risk.

Sports medicine commonly addresses musculoskeletal injuries, which include injuries to muscles, bones, tendons, and ligaments. Some of the most frequent injuries seen in sports medicine are sprains, strains, fractures, and dislocations. Ligament injuries, such as ACL tears in the knee or rotator cuff tears in the shoulder, are also common, especially in sports that involve quick, sudden movements or heavy lifting. Overuse injuries, such as tendinitis, shin splints, and stress fractures, are prevalent in athletes who repeatedly perform the same motion or activity over time.

In addition to these injuries, sports medicine also deals with concussions and other head injuries, particularly in contact sports like football or hockey. Chronic conditions, such as arthritis or joint degeneration, may also be managed through sports medicine to help athletes continue their activities without pain. The goal is to treat these injuries efficiently and provide preventative care to avoid future injuries and maintain long-term physical health.