What Happens During a Colonoscopy Procedure?
During a colonoscopy procedure, the patient is typically sedated to ensure comfort and minimize any discomfort or anxiety. The procedure begins with the doctor inserting the colonoscope, a flexible tube with a camera and light, into the rectum. The tube is gently advanced through the colon, allowing the doctor to visually inspect the lining for any abnormalities such as polyps, tumors, or signs of inflammation. Air or carbon dioxide may be introduced to inflate the colon, providing a clearer view of the interior. The entire procedure usually lasts about 30 to 60 minutes, depending on the findings and whether any biopsies or polyp removals are required.
If any polyps or suspicious areas are found, the doctor can remove them during the procedure and send them for laboratory analysis to check for cancerous or precancerous cells. In some cases, the doctor may take a biopsy of abnormal tissue. Patients are typically awake but relaxed during the procedure, and sedation ensures that they are comfortable. After the colonoscopy is completed, patients are monitored for a short period as the sedation wears off. Most patients can go home the same day, though they should avoid driving or operating heavy machinery for the remainder of the day due to the effects of the sedation.
